Ch.+9+The+Bureaucracy+-+Definitions,+Text+Notes,+Class+Notes+&+Connecting+Theory+to+Reality

=Definitions (Write the definitions in your own words & try to insert or link a picture with each definition.)= __Administrative Discretion__- The ability of bureaucrats to make choices concerning the best way to implement congressional intentions __Rule Making__- A quasi-legislative administrative process that has the characteristics of a legislative act __Government Corporation__- Business set up and created by Congress that performs functions that could be provided by private businesses(example: US Postal Service) __Independent Regulatory Commission__- An agency created by Congress that is generally concerned with a specific aspect of the economy __Patronage:__ jobs, grants, or other sepcial favors that are given as rewards to friends and political allies for their support __Civil Service System:__ the system created by civil service laws by which many appointments to the federal bureaucracy are made __Issue Networks:__ informal ties between people who work in the same policy areas. [|Interagency Councils:] Working groups made to simplify the coordination and implementation of policy changes across several government agencies. [|Regulations:] Rules that are enforced as law that govern the actions of a particular government program/ agency/ committee. __merit system__:the system by which federal civil service jobs are classified into grades or levels, to which appointments are made on the basis of performance on competitive examinations. __Hatch Act:__ Law enacted in 1939 to prohibit civil servants from taking activist roles in partisan campaigns. This act prohibited federal employees from making political contributions, working for a particular party, or campaigning for a particular candidate. __Federal Employees Political Activities Act:__ 1993 liberalization of the Hatch Act. Federal employees are now allowed to run for office in nonpartisan elections and to contribute money to campaigns in partisan elections. __Departments:__ Major administrative units that are responsible for broad areas of government operations. __Independent Executive Agency:__ A governmental unit that closely resembles a cabinet department but has a narrower area of responsibility. __Implementation:__ The process by which the bureaucracy puts a law or policy into operation. __Iron triangle:__ term used to describe the relationship between Congress, interest groups, and executive agencies. __Quasi judicial:__ a body that exercises certain powers similar to those of a judicial body but does not actually have judicial power. example: Human Rights Committee __Spoils System:__ a process by which the winning party, after an election, awards jobs and government positions to party supporters. Alternative to the civil service system

=Text Notes & Class Notes=

Making Agencies Accountable
=Connecting Theory to Reality=

=Rule Making:=